The Meaning of Flowers
|
Emotion Flowers |
|
| A Nosegay | Gallantry |
| Abatina | Fickleness |
| Abecedary | Volubility |
| Acacia | Chaste love, Concealed love, Friendship |
| Acacia, Pink or White | Elegance |
| Acacia, Rose | Friendship, Elegance |
| Acacia, Yellow | Secret love |
| Acalia | Temperance |
| Acanthus | The Fine Arts, Artifice |
| Achillea Millefolia | War |
| Achimeness | Such worth is rare |
| Aconite (Wolfsbane) | Misanthropy, Treachery |
| Aconite, Crowfoot | Luster |
| Adonis Vernalis | Bitter memories |
| Adonis, Flos | Painful recollections |
| African Marigold | Vulgar minded |
|
Agnus
Casus or Castus (Folk Names: Chaste-tree, Abraham's Balm) |
Coldness, Life without love, Indifference |
| Agrimony | Thankfulness, Gratitude |
| Allspice | Compassion |
| Almond | Hope, Giddiness, Heedlessness |
| Almond (Common) | Stupidity, Indiscretion |
| Almond (Flowering) | Hope |
| Almond Tree | Stupidity, thoughtlessness |
| Almond, Laurel | Perfidy |
| Aloe | Sorrow, Dejection, Superstition, Bitterness, Grief, Religious superstition |
| Althaea Frutes (Syrian Mallow) | Persuasion |
|
Althea (Family including marsh mallow and hollyhock) |
Consumed by love |
| Alyssum, Sweet | Worth beyond beauty |
| Amaranth | Immortality, Unfading |
| Amaranth (Cockscomb) | Foppery, Affectation |
| Amaranth (Globe) | Immortality, Unfading love |
| Amaryllis | Splendid beauty, Beautiful but Timid, Pride, Timidity |
|
Ambrosia (Plants related to wormwood) |
Love returned |
| American Cowslip | Divine beauty |
| American Elm | Patriotism |
| American Linden (Buttonwood) | Matrimony |
| American Star Wort | Welcome to a stranger, Cheerfulness in old age |
| Amethys (or Amethyst) | Admiration |
| Anemone | Anticipation, Expectation |
| Anemone (Zephyr Flower) | Sickness, Expectation |
| Anemone, Field | Sickness, illness |
| Anemone, Garden | Forsaken, Withered hopes, Illness |
| Anemone, Windflower | Desertion |
| Angelica/Angelica Herb | Inspiration, Inspire me |
| Angrec | Royalty |
| Apocynum (Dogbane) | Inspiration, Deceit |
| Apple | Temptation |
| Apple Blossom | Preference, Better things to come, Good Fortune |
| Apple, Thorn | Deceitful charms |
| Apricot Flower | Doubt, distrust |
| Arbor vitae | Unchanging friendship, Live for me |
| Arbutus | Thee only do I love |
| Arbutus, Trailing (Ground Laurel, Mayflower) | Welcome |
| Arkansas Coreopsis | Love at first sight |
| Arum (Wake Robin) | Ardor, Ferocity and deceit |
| Ash, Mountain | Prudence |
| Ash/Ash Tree | Grandeur |
| Ash-leaved Trumpet Flower | Separation |
| Aspen Leaf or Aspen Tree | Lamentation, Sighing |
| Asphodel | Regrets beyond the grave, Remembered beyond the tomb |
| Aster (China) | Variety, Afterthought |
| Aster, Double German | Variety |
| Aster, Large flowered | Afterthought, Love of variety |
| Auricula | Painting |
| Auricula | Avarice |
| Austurtium | Splendor |
| Autumn Leaves | Melancholy |
| Azalea | Romance, Temperance |
| Bachelor's Button | Hope, Single Blessedness, Celibacy, Hope in love |
| Balm | A cure, Sympathy |
| Balm of Gilead | Cure, Relief, Healing |
| Balm, Gentle or Mint | Pleasantry |
| Balsam | Impatience |
| Balsam, Red | Touch me not, Impatient resolves |
| Balsam, Yellow | Impatience |
| Balsamine | Impatience |
| Barberry | Petulance, Ill temper, Satire |
| Barberry Tree | Sharpness |
| Basil | Hatred, Give me your good wishes |
| Bay (Rose) Rhododendron | Danger, Beware |
| Bay Leaf | I change but in death |
| Bay Tree | Glory |
| Bay Wreath | Reward of merit |
| Bearded Crepis | Protection |
| Bee Ophrys | Error |
| Bee Orchis | Industry |
| Beech | Lovers' tryst, Prosperity |
| Begonia | Deformed |
| Bell Flower | Constancy, Gratitude |
| Bell Flower (small white) | Gratitude |
| Bell Flower, Pyramidal | Constancy |
| Belladonna | Silence |
| Bells of Ireland | Good Luck |
| Belvidere, Wild (Licorice) | I declare against you |
| Betony | Surprise |
| Bilberry (Whortleberry) | Treachery |
| Bindweed | Humility, Night |
| Bindweed, Great | Insinuation |
| Bindweed, Small | Humility |
| Birch Tree | Grace, Elegance, Meekness |
| Birdsfoot Trefoil | Revenge |
| Bittersweet, Nightshade | Truth |
| Black Bryony (Lady's Seal) | Be my support |
| Black Poplar | Courage, Affliction |
| Black Thorn (Sloe) | Difficulty |
| Bladder Tree | Frivolous amusement |
| Bladder-Nut Tree | Frivolous amusements |
| Blue Bottle (Centaury) | Delicacy |
| Bluebell | Constancy, Kindness, Humility, Gratitude |
| Blue-flowered Greek Valerian | Rupture |
| Bonus Henricus or Borus Henricusw | Goodness |
| Borage | Bluntness, Abruptness, Rudeness |
| Box/Box Tree | Indifference, Constancy, Stoicism |
| Bramble | Lowliness, Envy, Remorse |
| Branch of Currants | You please all |
| Branch of Thorns | Severity, Rigor |
| Bridal Rose | Happy love |
| Briers | Envy |
| Broken Straw | Constancy |
| Broom | Neatness, Humility |
| Browallia Jamisonii | Could you bear poverty |
| Buckbean | Calmness, Repose |
| Bud of White Rose | Heart ignorant of love |
| Bugloss | Falsehood |
| Bulrush | Docility |
| Bundle of Reeds, with their Panicles | Music |
| Burdock | Importunity, Touch me not |
| Buttercup (Kingcup) | Childishness, Riches, Memories of childhood, Ingratitude |
| Butterfly Orchis | Gaiety |
| Butterfly Weed | Let me go |
| Cabbage | Profit |
| Cacalia | Adulation |
| Cactus | Thou leavest me, Warmth |
| Calla AEthiopica | Magnificent Beauty |
| Calla Lilly | Feminine beauty, Delicacy, Modesty |
| Calycanthus (Carolina Allspice) | Benevolence |
| Camelia (Camellia) | Pity, Gratitude, Excellence, Perfect Loveliness |
| Camellia Japonica, Red | Unpretending excellence |
| Camellia Japonica, White | Perfected loveliness |
| Camomile/Chamomile | Energy in adversity, Energy in action |
| Canary Grass | Perseverance, determination |
| Candytuft | Indifference |
| Canterbury Bell | Gratitude, Constancy, Acknowledgement |
| Cape Jasmine | I'm too happy |
| Cape Jasmine Gardenia | Transport, Ecstasy |
| Cardamine | Paternal error |
| Cardinal Flower (Scarlet Lobelia) | Distinction, Preferment |
| Carnation | Pride, Pure and deep love, Distinction, Fascination |
| Carnation, Deep Red | Alas! for my poor heart |
| Carnation, Pink | Woman’s Love |
| Carnation, Striped | Refusal |
| Carnation, White | Good Luck Gift |
| Carnation, Yellow | Disdain |
| Carrot Flower | Do not refuse me |
| Catalpa Flower | Beware of the coquette |
| Catchfly | Snare, Caught at last |
| Catchfly (Silene), Red | Youthful love |
| Catchfly, White | I fall a victim, Betrayed |
| Cedar | Think of me, I live for thee, Strength |
| Cedar Leaf | I live for thee |
| Cedar of Lebanon | Incorruptible |
| Cedar Sprig | Constancy in love, I live for thee |
| Celandine (Swallow-wort, Pilewort, Figwort) | Future joy |
| Centaury | Delicacy |
| Cereus (Creeping) | Modest genius |
| Cereus, Night Blooming | Transient Beauty |
| Champignon | Suspicion |
| Chequered Fritillary | Persecution |
| Cherry | A good education |
| Cherry Blossom | Spiritual beauty |
| Cherry Tree | Good education |
| Cherry Tree, White | Deception |
| Chestnut | Do me justice |
| Chestnut Tree | Do me justice,Luxury |
| Chickory (Chiccory) | Frugality, Economy |
| Chickweed | I cling to thee, Rendezvous |
|
China
Aster |
I will think of thee, Love of variety, Variety |
| China Aster, Double | I partake your sentiments |
| China Aster, Single | I will think of it, deliberation |
| China or Indian Pink | Adversion |
| China Rose | Beauty always new |
| China, Pink | Aversion |
| Chinese Chrysanthemum | Cheerfulness under adversity |
| Chorozema Varium | You have many lovers |
| Christmas Rose | Relieve my anxiety |
| Chrysanthemum | A heart left to desolation, A wonderful friend, cheerfulness in old age |
| Chrysanthemum, Red | I love you, sharing |
| Chrysanthemum, Rose | In love |
| Chrysanthemum, White | Truth, Veracity |
| Chrysanthemum, Yellow | Slighted love |
| Cinnamon Tree | Forgiveness of injuries |
| Cinquefoil | Beloved child, Maternal affection |
| Circaea | Spell |
| Cistus (Rock Rose) | Surety, Popular favour |
| Cistus, Gum | I shall die to-morrow |
| Citron | Ill-natured beauty |
| Clarkia | The variety of your conversation delights me |
| Clematis | Artifice, Mental Beauty |
| Clematis, Evergreen | Poverty |
| Clinging Woodbine | Fraternal love |
| Clotbur | Rudeness, Pertinacity |
| Clover, Four-leaved | Be mine |
| Clover, Red | Industry |
| Clover, White | I promise, Think of me |
| Cloves | Dignity |
| Clyanthus | Worldliness |
| Coboea | Gossip |
| Cockle | Vain is beauty without merit |
| Cockscomb Amaranth | Foppery, Affectation, Singularity |
| Colchium/Colchicum (Meadow Saffron) | My best days are past |
| Coltsfoot | Justice shall be done |
| Columbine | Desertion, Folly |
| Columbine, Purple | Resolved to win |
| Columbine, Red | Great anxiety |
| Convolvulus (Bindweed) | Bonds |
| Convolvulus Major | Extinguished hope |
| Convolvulus Minor | Uncertainty |
| Convolvulus, Blue (Minor) | Repose, Night |
| Convolvulus, Pink | Worth sustained by judicious and tender affection |
| Corchorus | Impatience of happiness, Impatient of absence |
| Corcopsis | Love at first sight |
| Coreopsis | Always cheerful |
| Coreopsis Arkansa | Love at first sight |
| Coriander | Hidden merit |
| Corn | Riches, Abundance |
| Corn Bottle | Delicacy |
| Corn Buttercup | Riches, Wealth |
| Corn Cockle | Gentility |
| Corn Straw | Agreement |
| Corn, Broken | Quarrel |
| Cornel Tree | Duration |
| Cornelian Cherry Tree | Durability, Continuance |
| Coronella | Success crown your wishes |
| Coronilla | Success to you |
| Cowslip | Pensiveness, Native grace |
| Cowslip, American | Divine beauty |
| Coxcomb | Foppery |
| Crab Blossom | Ill-tempered |
| Cranberry | Cure for heartache |
| Crane's Bill | Envy |
| Creeping Cereus | Horror |
| Cress (1899: Cresses) | Stability, Power |
| Crocus | Cheerfulness, Abuse not |
| Crocus, Saffron | Mirth |
| Crocus, Spring | Youthful gladness |
| Crowfoot | Ingratitude |
| Crowfoot, Aconite-leaved | Luster |
| Crown Imperial, (Fritillary) | Majesty, Power, Pride of birth |
| Crowsbill | Envy |
| Cuckoo Plant | Ardor |
| Cucumber | Criticism |
| Cudweed, American | Unceasing remembrance |
| Currants | You please me, Thy frown will kill me |
| Cuscuta | Meanness |
| Cyclamen | Diffidence |
| Cypress | Death, Mourning, Despair |
| Cypress and Marigold | Despair |
| Daffodil | Chivalry, Unrequited love, Regard |
| Dahlia | Eloquence and dignity, Forever yours, Instability |
| Daisy | Innocence, Beauty |
| Daisy, Garden | I share your feelings |
| Daisy, Michaelmas | Farewell |
| Daisy, Party-coloured | Beauty |
| Daisy, Red | Beauty unknown to possessor |
| Daisy, Single Field | I will think of it |
| Daisy, White | Innocence, Purity |
| Daisy, Wild | I will think of it |
| Damask Rose | Bashful love, Brilliant complexion |
| Dandelion | Coquetry, Oracle |
| Dandelion Ball | Depart |
| Daphne Mezereon | I desire to please |
| Daphne Odora | I would not have you otherwise |
| Darnel (Ray grass) | Vice |
| Datura | Deceitful charms |
| Dead leaves | Sadness |
| Dew Plant | Serenade |
| Dianthus | Make haste |
| Diosma | Usefulness |
| Dittany | Birth |
| Dittany, White | Passion |
| Dock | Patience |
| Dodder | Meanness, Baseness |
| Dogsbane | Deceit, Falsehood |
| Dogwood, Flowering (Cornus) | Am I indifferent to you?, Durability |
| Double Daisy | Participation, Enjoyment |
| Dragon Plant | Snare |
| Dragonwort | Horror, Astonishment |
| Dried Flax | Utility |
| Dyplidinia Brassinoda | You are too bold |
| Ebony | Hypocrisy, Blackness |
| Echites Atro-purporea | Be warned in time |
| Eglantine (Sweet-briar) | I wound to heal, Poetry |
| Elder | Compassion, Zealousness |
| Elecampane | Tears |
| Elm | Dignity and Grace |
| Enchanter's Nightshade | Witchcraft, Sorcery |
| Endine | Frugality |
| Endive | Frugality |
| Epigaea, Repens (Mayflower) | Budding beauty |
| Eupatorium | Delay |
| Evening Primrose | Inconstancy |
| Everflowering Candytuft | Indifference |
| Evergreen | Poverty |
| Evergreen Clematis | Poverty, Want |
| Evergreen Thorn | Solace in adversity |
| Everlasting (Graphalium) | Lasting remembrance |
| Everlasting Pea | Wilt thou go with me?, Lasting pleasure, Go not away |
| Fennel | Force, Strength |
| Fern | Fascination, Sincerity |
| Fever Root | Delay |
| Ficoides, Ice Plant | Your looks freeze me, Addresses rejected |
| Fig | Argument, Longevity, long-lived |
| Fig Marigold | Idleness |
| Fig Tree | Prolific |
| Filbert | Reconciliation |
| Fir | Elevation, Time |
| Fir Tree | Elevation |
| Flax | I feel your kindness, Domestic Industry, Fate |
| Flax-leaved Goldy-locks (Golden Locks) | Tardiness |
| Fleur-de-lis | Flame, I burn |
| Fleur-de-Luce | Fire |
| Flora's Bell | Without pretension |
| Flos, Adonis | Painful recollections |
| Flowering Fern | Reverie |
| Flowering Reed | Confidence in heaven, Confide in heaven |
| Flowering Rush | Confidence in Heaven |
| Flower-of-an-Hour | Delicate beauty |
| Fly Orchis | Error |
| Flytrap | Deceit, Artifice |
| Fools' Parsley | Silliness |
| Forget-me-not | True love, Forget me not |
| Fox Glove | I am ambitious only for you, Insincerity, Occupation, A wish |
| Foxtail Grass | Sporting |
| Francisca Latifolia | Beware of a false friend |
| Fraxinella (Cultivated dittany) | Fire |
| French Honeysuckle | Rustic beauty |
| French Marigold | Jealousy |
| French Willow | Bravery and humanity |
| Fritilaria (Guinea-hen Flower) | Persecution |
| Frog Ophrys | Disgust |
| Fuchsia | Humble love, The ambition of my love thus plagues itself, Taste, Frugality |
| Fuchsia, Scarlet | Taste |
| Fuller's Teasel | Misanthropy |
| Fumitory | Spleen, Hatred |
| Furze | Anger, Love for all seasons |
| Garden Anemone | Forsaken |
| Garden Chervil | Sincerity |
| Garden Daisy | I partake your sentiments |
| Garden Marigold | Sacred affection, Uneasiness |
| Garden Ranunculus | You are rich in attractions |
| Garden Sage | Esteem |
| Gardenia | Transport, Ecstasy, Joy |
| Garland of Roses | Reward of virtue |
| Gentian | Intrinsic worth, Integrity |
| Gentian, Fringed | Intrinsic worth |
| Geranium | True Friend, stupidity, folly |
| Geranium Horseshoe | Stupidity |
| Geranium, Apple | Present preference, Facility |
| Geranium, Dark | Melancholy |
| Geranium, Ivy | Your hand for next dance, Bridal favor |
| Geranium, Lemon | Unexpected meeting |
| Geranium, Nutmeg | Expected meeting |
| Geranium, Oak | Lady, deign to smile, A melancholy mind |
| Geranium, Oak-leaf | True friendship, Lady deigns to smile |
| Geranium, Pencilled | Ingenuity |
| Geranium, Rose | Preference, I prefer you |
| Geranium, Scarlet | Silliness, Conhsolation |
| Geranium, Silver-leaf | Recall |
| Geranium, Wild | Steadfast piety |
| Germander Speedwell | Facility |
|
Gillyflower (Wallflower or Pink) |
Bonds of affection, Lasting beauty |
| Gillyflower, Stock | Promptness |
| Gladiolus (Gladiola) | Ready armed |
| Glory Flower | Glorious beauty, Glory |
| Glycine | Your friendship is agreeable to me |
| Goat's Rue | Reason |
| Gold Basket | Tranquility |
| Golden Rod | Encouragement, Precaution |
| Gooseberry | Anticipation |
| Goosefoot | Goodness |
| Gorse (Turze) | Endearing affection, Anger |
| Gourd | Extend, Bulkiness |
| Grammanthes | Your temper is too hasty |
| Grape | Charity, Intemperance |
| Grape Vine | Intemperance |
| Grass | Utility, Submission |
| Great Yellow Daffodil | Chivalry |
| Greek Valerian | Rupture |
| Guelder Rose (Snowball) | Winter, Age, Good news |
| Gum Cistus | I shall die tomorrow |
| Hand Flower Tree | Warning |
| Harebell | Grief, Retirement, Submission |
| Hawkweed | Quick sightedness |
| Hawthorn | Hope |
| Hazel | Reconciliation |
| Heart's Ease (Pansy) | Think of me |
| Heart's Ease, Purple | You occupy my thoughts |
| Heath | Solitude |
| Heather, White | Wishes will come true |
| Helenium(Sneezeweed) | Tears |
| Heliotrope | I adore you, Devotion |
| Heliotrope, Peruvian | I love, Devotion, Faithfulness, Infatuation, adoration |
| Hellebore | Calumny, Scandal |
| Helmet Flower (Monkshood) | Knight-errantry |
| Hemlock | You will be my death |
| Hemp | Fate |
| Henbane | Blemish, Fault, Imperfection |
| Hepatica (Anemone or Liverwort) | Confidence |
| Hibiscus | Delicate beauty |
| Hoarhound | Fire |
| Holly | Domestic happiness, Foresight, Am I forgotten?, Good Wishes |
| Holly Herb | Enchantment |
| Hollyhock | Fruitfulness, Fecundity, Ambition |
| Hollyhock, White | Female ambition |
| Honesty (Lunaria) | Sincerity, Honesty |
| Honey Flower | Love sweet and secret |
| Honeysuckle | Spirit vision, Generous and devoted affection, Fidelity |
| Honeysuckle (French) | Rustic beauty |
| Honeysuckle, Coral | The color of my fate |
| Honeysuckle, Monthly | I will not answer hastily, Domestic happiness |
| Honeysuckle, Wild | Devoted love |
| Hop | Injustice |
| Hornbeam (Hornbean) | Ornament |
| Hornbeam Tree | Ornament, a treasure |
| Horse-Chestnut | Luxury |
| Hortensia | You are cold |
| House-Leek | Domestic economy |
| Houstania | Innocence, Content |
| Houstonia(Bluets) | Content |
| Hoya (Wax Plant) | Sculpture |
| Humble Plant | Despondency, Humility |
| Hundred-leaved Rose | Dignity of mind |
| Hyacinth | Jealousy, Constancy, Benevolence, Play, Loveliness |
| Hyacinth, Blue | Constancy |
| Hyacinth, Purple | Sorrow |
| Hyacinth, White | Unobtrusive loveliness |
| Hydrangea | Heartlessness, Vain-glory, A boaster |
| Hyssop | Cleanliness |
| Ice Plant | Your looks freeze me |
| Iceland Moss | Health |
| Indian Cress (Nasturtium) | Resignation, Warlike trophy |
| Indian Jasmine (Ipomoea) | Attachment |
| Indian Pink (Double) | Always lovely |
| Indian Plum | Privation |
| Ipomaca | I attach myself to you |
| Iris | Message, Warmth of affection, My compliments, your friendship means so much to me |
| Iris, Common Garden | A message for thee |
| Iris, German | Flame |
| Iris, Yellow | Flame |
| Ivy | Friendship, Fidelity, Marriage |
| Ivy Leaf | Friendship |
| Ivy Tendrils | Assiduous to please |
| Ivy Vine | Matrimony |
| Jacob's Ladder | Come down |
| Japan Rose | Beauty is your only attraction |
| Japonica | Loveliness |
| Jasmine | Amiability, Grace, Elegance |
| Jasmine, Cape | Transport of joy |
| Jasmine, Carolina | Separation |
| Jasmine, Indian | I attach myself to you |
| Jasmine, Spanish | Sensuality |
| Jasmine, White | Amiability |
| Jasmine, Yellow | Grace and elegance |
| Jessamine, Cape (Jasmine) | Transient joy |
| Jessamine, White (Jasmine) | Amiability |
| Jessamine, Yellow (Jasmine) | Grace, elegance |
| Jonquil | Desire, Affection returned, Desire for return of Affection |
| Judas-Tree | Unbelief, Betrayal |
| Jumper | Asylum, Aid, Protection |
| Juniper | Perfect loveliness, Succor |
| Justicia | The perfection of female loveliness |
| Kalmia (Mountain Laurel) | Treachery |
| Kennedia | Intellectual beauty |
| Kings-cups (King-cup) | Desire of riches |
| Laburnum | Pensive beauty, Forsaken |
| Lady's Slipper | Capricious beauty, Win me and wear me |
| Lagerstraemia, Indian | Eloquence |
| Lagerstroema (Cape Myrtle) | Eloquence |
| Lantana | Rigor |
| Larch | Boldness, Audacity |
| Larkspur | Fickleness, Lightness, Levity, Hilarity |
| Larkspur, Pink | Lightness, Fickleness |
| Larkspur, Purple | Haughtiness |
| Laurel | Glory |
| Laurel, American | Words, though sweet, may deceive |
| Laurel, Common, in flower | Perfidy |
| Laurel, Ground | Perseverance |
| Laurel, Mountain | Glory, Victory, Ambition |
| Laurel-leaved Magnolia | Dignity |
| Laurestina/Laurestine/Laurestinus/Laurustina | I die if neglected |
| Lavatera | Sweet disposition |
| Lavender | Distrust |
| Leaves (dead) | Melancholy |
| Lemon | Zest |
| Lemon Blossom | Prudence, Discretion, Fidelity |
| Lettuce | Cold-hearted |
| Lichen | Dejection, Solitude |
| Licorice, Wild | I declare against you |
| Lilac | First emotion of love |
| Lilac, Field | Humility |
| Lilac, Purple | First emotions of love |
| Lilac, White | Youth, Candor, Youthful innocence |
| Lily | Purity, modesty |
| Lily of the Valley | Return of happiness, Unconscious Sweetness |
| Lily, Day | Coquetry |
| Lily, Imperial | Majesty |
| Lily, Scarlet | High-bred |
| Lily, Water | Eloquence, Purity of Heart |
| Lily, White | Majesty, Purity |
| Lily, Yellow | Falsehood, Gaiety, Gratitude |
| Lime Tree | Conjugal, Marriage |
| Linden Leaf | Matrimony |
| Linden Sprig | Conjugal love |
| Linden Tree | Conjugal love |
| Lint | I feel my obligations |
| Live Oak | Liberty |
| Liverwort | Confidence |
| Lobelia | Malevolence |
| Locust | Affection beyond the grave |
| London Pride (Sweet William or Lychnis) | Frivolity |
| Lote Tree | Concord |
| Lotus | Forgetful of the past, Eloquence |
| Lotus Flower | Estranged love |
| Lotus Leaf | Recantation |
| Love in a Mist | Perplexity |
| Love Lies Bleeding | Hopeless, not heartless |
| Love-in-a-Puzzle | Embarrassment |
| Lucerne | Life |
| Lungwort (Pulmonaria) | Thou art my life |
| Lupine | Dejection, Imagination, Voraciousness |
| Lychnis (Campion) | Religious enthusiasm |
| Lythrum (Loosestrife) | Pretension |
| Madder | Calumny |
| Magnolia | Love of Nature, Magnificence, Perseverance, Dignity |
| Magnolia, Chinese | Love of Nature |
| Magnolia, Grandiflora | Peerless and proud |
| Magnolia, Swamp | Perseverance |
| Maiden's Hair | Discretion |
| Maize | Riches |
| Mallow | Good and kind, Sweetness, Mildness |
| Mallow, Marsh | Beneficence |
| Mallow, Syrian | Consumed by love, Persuasion |
| Mallow, Venetian | Delicate beauty |
| Manchineal/Manchineel Tree | Falseness |
| Mandrake | Horror, Rarity, Honor |
| Maple | Reserve |
| Marigold | Cruelty, Sacred affection, Grief |
| Marigold and Cypress | Despair |
| Marigold, African | Vulgar-minded |
| Marigold, French | Jealousy |
| Marigold, Garden | Grief, Chagrin, Sacred affection, Uneasiness |
| Marigold, Prophetic | Prediction |
| Marigold, Rainy | A storm |
| Marigold, Small Cape | Omen |
| Marjoram | Blushes |
| Marshmallow | Beneficence |
| Marvel of Peru (Four o'clock) | Timidity |
| Mayflower | Welcome |
| Meadow Lychnis | Wit |
| Meadow Saffron | My best days are past, Growing old |
| Meadow Sweet | Usefulness |
| Mercury | Goodness |
| Mesembryanthemum | Idleness |
| Mezereon | Desire to please, A flirt |
| Michaelmas Daisy | Afterthought |
| Mignonette | Moral and mental beauty, Your qualities surpass your charms, Worth and loveliness |
| Milfoil | War |
| Milkweed | Hope in misery |
| Milkwort | Hermitage |
| Milvetch | Your presence softens my pains |
| Mimosa | Sensitiveness, Secret Love |
| Minchineel Tree | Hypocrisy |
| Mint | Virtue |
| Mistletoe | Obstacles to be overcome, I surmount all obstacles |
| Mittaria Coccinea | Indolence |
| Mock Orange (Syringia) | Counterfeit, Uncertainty |
| Monkshood (Helmet Flower) | Deceit, A deadly foe is near, Treachery, Chivalry, Knight-errantry |
| Moonwort | Forgetfulness |
| Morning Glory | Coquetry, Affection, Vain glory |
| Moschatel | Weakness |
| Moss | Maternal love |
| Moss Rose | Voluptuous love |
| Mosses | Ennui |
| Mossy Saxifrage | Affection |
| Motherwort | Secret love |
| Mountain Ash | I watch over you, Prudence |
| Mourning Bride (Scabious) | Unfortunate attachment, I have lost all |
| Mouse ear | Forget me not |
| Mouse-ear Chickweed | Ingenuous simplicity |
| Mouse-eared Scorpion Grass | Forget me not |
| Moving Plant | Agitation |
| Mudwort | Tranquility |
| Mugwort | Good luck, Happiness |
| Mulberry, Black | I shall not survive you |
| Mulberry, White | Wisdom |
| Mullein/Mullen | Good nature |
| Mush Plant | Weakness |
| Mushroom | Suspicion |
| Musk Plant | Weakness |
| Mustard Seed | Indifference |
| Myosotis (Mouse-ear) | Forget me not |
| Myrobalan | Privation |
| Myroballon | Bereavement |
| Myrrh | Gladness |
| Myrtle | Love in absence, Love, Remembrance |
| Narcissus | Uncertainty, Egotism, Self-Love |
| Nasturtium | Patriotism, Splendor |
| Nettle | Cruelty, Slander |
| Nettle Tree | Concert |
| Nettle, Burning | Slander |
| Night Blooming Cereus | Transient beauty |
| Night Convolvulus | Night, tonight |
| Nightshade | Bitter truth, Dark thoughts, Sorcery, Truth |
| Oak | Hospitality, Bravery |
| Oak (White) | Independence |
| Oak Leaves | Bravery and Humanity |
| Oak Sprig | Hospitality |
| Oak Tree | Hospitality |
| Oats | The witching soul of music, Music |
| Oleander | Beware |
| Olive | Peace |
| Olive Branch | Peace |
| Orange | Generosity |
| Orange Blossoms | Your purity equals your loveliness, Chastity, Festivities, Purity |
| Orange Flower | Chastity, Bridal festivities |
| Orange Tree | Generosity |
| Orchid | Rare beauty |
| Orchis | Beauty, A Belle |
| Orchis, Bee | Error |
| Orchis, Spider | Skill |
| Osier | Frankness |
| Osmunda | Dreams, Reverie |
| Ox Eye | Patience |
| Oxalis | Wood sorrel |
| Ox-Eye Daisy | A token |
| Palm | Victory, Immortality |
| Pansy | You occupy my thoughts, Think of me, Thoughts |
| Pansy, Purple | You occupy my thoughts, Heart's-ease |
| Pansy, Yellow | Think of me, thought |
| Parsley | Entertainment, Festivity, Lasting pleasures |
| Pasque Flower | Unpretentious, You have no claims |
| Passion Flower | Religious fervor, Faith |
| Patience Dock | Patience |
| Patience Flower | Religious Superstition |
| Pea | Appointed meeting |
| Pea, Everlasting | Will you go with me?, Appointed meeting, Lasting Pleasure |
| Pea, Sweet | Departure |
| Peach | Your qualities, like your charms, are unequalled |
| Peach Blossom | I am your captive, My heart is yours |
| Pear | Affection |
| Pear Tree | Affection, Comfort |
| Pennyroyal | Flee away! |
| Peony | Anger, Ostentation, Shame, Diffidence, Bashfulness |
| Peppermint | Warmth of feeling, Cordiality, Affability |
| Periwinkle | Sweet memories |
| Periwinkle, Blue | Early friendship, Early attachment |
| Periwinkle, White | Pleasant recollections |
| Persicaria | Restoration |
| Persimmon | Bury me amid nature's beauties |
| Peruvian Heliotrope | Devotion |
| Petunica | Am not proud |
| Pheasant's Eye | Sorrowful memories |
| Phlox | Our hearts are united, Unanimity |
| Pigeon Berry | Indifference |
| Pimpernel | Change, Rendezvous, Assignation |
| Pine | Time, Endurance, Daring, Pity |
| Pine Apple | You are perfect |
| Pine Tree | Courage, Daring |
| Pine, Black | Pity |
| Pine, Pitch | Philosophy, Time and faith |
| Pine, Spruce | Farewell, Hope in adversity |
| Pink | Pure affection, Boldness |
| Pink, Carnation | Woman's love |
| Pink, Clove | Dignity |
| Pink, Double-red | Pure, ardent love |
| Pink, Indian | Aversion |
| Pink, Indian, Double | Always lovely |
| Pink, Indian, Single | Aversion, Dislike |
| Pink, Mountain | Aspiring |
| Pink, Red | Pure love |
| Pink, Single | Pure love |
| Pink, Variegated | Refusal |
| Pink, White | You are fair, Ingeniousness, Talent |
| Pink, Yellow | Disdain |
| Plane Tree | Genius |
| Plane, or Platane | Genius |
| Pleurisy Root (Asclopias) | Heartache cure |
| Plum Tree | Genius, Keep your promise |
| Plum Tree, Wild | Independence |
| Plum, Indian | Privation, Suffering |
| Plum, Wild | Independence |
| Poet's Narcissus | Egotism, self-love |
| Polyanthus | Confidence, Heart's mystery, Pride of riches |
| Polyanthus, Crimson | The heart's mystery |
| Polyanthus, Lilac | Confidence |
| Pomegranate | Foolishness, Conceit |
| Pomegranate, Flower | Elegance, Mature elegance |
| Pompion, or Pumpkin | Grossness, Coarseness |
| Poplar, Black | Courage |
| Poplar, White | Time |
| Poppy | Consolation |
| Poppy, Corn | Consolation |
| Poppy, Red | Consolation |
| Poppy, Scarlet | Fantastic extravagance |
| Poppy, White | Sleep of the heart, Sleep, Oblivion, My bane, My antidote, Rest, Dream |
| Potato | Benevolence |
| Prickly Pear | Satire |
| Pride of China (Melia) | Dissension |
| Primrose | Modest worth, Silent love, Early youth |
| Primrose, Evening | Inconstancy |
| Primrose, Red | Unpatronized merit |
| Privet | Mildness, Prohibition |
| Privit, or Prim | Prohibition |
| Pumpkin | Coarseness, Grossness |
| Purple Clover | Provident |
| Purple Scabious | Mourning |
| Pyrus Japonica | Fairies' fire |
| Quaking-Grass | Agitation |
| Quamoclit | Busybody |
| Queen of the Meadow | Uselessness |
| Queen's Rocket | You are the queen of coquettes, Fashionable |
| Quince | Temptation |
| Ragged-robin (Lychnis) | Wit |
| Ranunculus (Buttercups) | Radiant with charms |
| Ranunculus, Garden | You are rich in attractions |
| Ranunculus, Wild | Ingratitude |
| Raspberry | Remorse |
| Ray Grass | Vice |
| Red Bay | Memory |
| Red Catchfly | Youthful love |
| Reed, Split | Indiscretion |
| Reeds | Complaisance, Music |
| Rest Harrow | Obstacle |
| Rhododendron (Rosebay) | Agitation, Danger, Beware |
| Rhubarb | Advice |
| Rocket | Rivalry |
| Rose | Beauty, Love |
| Rose Leaf | I never trouble |
| Rose, Austrian | Very lovely |
| Rose, Bridal | Happy love |
| Rose, Burgundy | Unconscious beauty |
| Rose, Cabbage | Love's ambassador |
| Rose, Campion | Only deserve my love |
| Rose, Carolina | Love is dangerous |
| Rose, China | Grace, Beauty always new |
| Rose, Christmas | Tranquilize my anxiety |
| Rose, Cinnamon | Without pretension |
| Rose, Daily | Thy smile I aspire to |
| Rose, Damask | Brilliant complexion, Freshness |
| Rose, Deep Red | Bashful shame |
| Rose, Dog | Pleasure and pain |
| Rose, Full-blown | You are beautiful |
| Rose, Full-blown, placed over two Buds | Secrecy |
| Rose, Guelder | Winter, Age |
| Rose, Hundred Leaf | The Graces, Pride |
| Rose, Inermis | Ingratitude |
| Rose, Japan | Beauty is your only attraction |
| Rose, Maiden's Blush | If you do love me you will find me out |
| Rose, Monthly | Beauty ever new |
| Rose, Moss | Superior merit, Voluptuousness |
| Rose, Multiflora | Grace |
| Rose, Mundi | Variety |
| Rose, Musk | Capricious beauty |
| Rose, Musk-cluster | Charming |
| Rose, Pink | Innocent Love |
| Rose, Pompon | Gentility |
| Rose, Red | I love you, Love |
| Rose, Single | Simplicity |
| Rose, Sweetbriar | Sympathy |
| Rose, Tea | Always lovely |
| Rose, Thornless | Early attachment |
| Rose, Unique | Call me not beautiful |
| Rose, White (withered) | Transient impression |
| Rose, White and Red together | Unity |
| Rose, White, Full | I am worthy of you, Silence |
| Rose, Wild | Simplicity |
| Rose, Wild, Single | Simplicity |
| Rose, Yellow | Decrease of love, Infidelity, Unfaithfulness, Jealousy, Frienship |
| Rose, York | Agreement, War |
| Rose, York and Lancaster | War |
| Rosebay (Rhododendron) | Beware,Danger |
| Rosebud | Confession of love, Young girl |
| Rosebud, Moss | Confession of love |
| Rosebud, Red | Pure and lovely |
| Rosebud, White | The heart that knows not love, Too young to love, Girlhood |
| Rosemary | Remembrance, Your presence revives me |
| Roses, Garland of | Reward of virtue |
| Roses, Wreath of | Reward of virtue |
| Rudbeckia | Justice |
| Rue | Disdain |
| Rue, Wild | Manners |
| Rush | Docility |
| Rye Grass | Changeable disposition |
| Saffron Crocus | Do not abuse meMirth |
| Saffron, Meadow | My best days are past |
| Saffron/Saffron Flower | Do not abuseExcess is dangerousBeware of excess |
| Sage | Domestic Virtue, Esteem |
| Sage, Garden | Esteem |
| Sainfoin | Agitation |
| Saint John's Wort (Hypericum) | Superstition, Animosity, You are a prophet |
| Sardonia or Sardony | Irony |
| Satin-flower (Lunaria) | Sincerity, Forgetfulness, Am I forgotten? |
| Saxifrage, Mossy | Affection |
| Scabious | Unfortunate love |
| Scabious, Mourning Bride or Sweet | Widowhood |
| Scarlet Lychnis | Sunbeaming eyes |
| Schinus | Religious enthusiasm |
| Scotch Fir | Elevation |
| Scotch Thistle | Retaliation |
| Scratch Weed | Roughness, Hardness, Harshness |
| Sensitive Plant | Timidity, Sensitiveness, Modesty |
| Senvy | Indifference |
| Serpent Cactus | Horror, Surprise |
| Service Tree (Sorb) | Prudence |
| Shamrock | Light heartedness |
| Shepherd's Purse | I offer you my all |
| Silver Weed | Naiveté |
| Small Bindweed | Deference, Respect |
| Smilax | Constancy |
| Snake's Lounge | Slander |
| Snakesfoot | Horror, Terror |
| Snapdragon | Presumption, No, never |
| Snowball | Thoughts of heaven |
| Snowdrop | Consolation, A friend in adversity, Hope |
| Solidago | Success |
| Sorrel, Cultivated | Parental affection |
| Sorrel, Wild | Wit ill-timed |
| Sorrel, Wood | Joy |
| Southernwood | Jest, Bantering |
| Spanish Jasmine | Sensuality |
| Spearmint | Warm feelings |
| Speedwell | Fidelity |
| Speedwell, Germander | Facility |
| Speedwell, Spiked | Semblance |
| Speedwell, Veronica | Female fidelity |
| Spider, Ophrys | Adroitness |
| Spiderwort | Esteem not love |
| Spiked Willow Herb | Pretension |
| Spindle-tree | Your image (or charms) are engraven on my heart |
| Spotted Arum | Ardor, Great warmth |
| Spring Caroline | Disappointment |
| Star of Bethlehem | Reconciliation, Purity, Guidance |
| Starwort | Afterthought |
| Starwort, American | Welcome to a stranger, Cheerfulness in old age |
| Stephanotis | You boast too much |
| Stock | Lasting beauty |
| Stock, Ten-week | Promptness |
| Stonecrop | Tranquility |
|
Stramonium,
Common (OED: thorn-apple) |
Disguise |
| Straw | Agreement, Unity |
| Straw, Broken | Quarrel, Breaking a contract |
| Strawberry | Perfect excellence |
| Strawberry Tree (Arbutus) | Esteemed love |
| Sumac/Sumach | Splendor, Splendid misery |
| Sumach, Venice | Splendour, Intellectual excellence |
| Sunflower | False riches |
| Sunflower, Dwarf | Your devout admirer, Adoration |
| Sunflower, Fall | Pride |
| Sunflower, Tall | Lofty and wise thoughts Haughtiness |
| Swallow-wort | Cure for heartache |
| Sweet Basil | Good wishes |
| Sweet Briar (Sweet Brier) | Poetry, Simplicity |
| Sweet Flag | Fitness |
| Sweet Pea | A meeting, Delicate pleasures, Depart |
| Sweet Sultan | Felicity, Happiness, Widowhood |
| Sweet William | Artifice, Gallantry, Finesse, Dexterity, Will you smile? |
| Sweetbrier, American | Simplicity |
| Sweetbrier, European | I wound to heal |
| Sweetbrier, Yellow | Decrease of love, Let us forget |
| Sycamore | Curiosity |
| Syringa | Memory, Fraternal love |
| Syringa, Carolina | Disappointment |
|
Syringia (OED has syringa, mock-orange or lilac) |
Memory |
| Tamarisk | Crime |
| Tansy | I declare against you |
| Tare | Vice |
| Teasel | Misanthropy |
| Tendrils of Climbing Plants | Ties |
| Thistle | Austerity, Sternness |
| Thistle, Common | Austerity |
| Thistle, Fuller's | Misanthropy |
| Thistle, Scotch | Retaliation |
| Thorn Apple | Deceitful charms, Disguise |
| Thorn, Black | Difficulty |
| Thorn, Branch of | Severity |
| Thorns | Severity |
| Thrift | Sympathy |
| Throatwood (Pulmonaria) | Neglected beauty |
| Throatwort | Neglected beauty |
| Thyme | Activity |
| Tiger Flower | May pride befriend thee |
| Touch me not, Balsam | Impatience |
| Traveller's Joy | Safety, Security |
| Tree of Life | Old age, Age |
| Trefoil | Revenge |
| Tremella | Resistance |
| Tremella Nestoc | Opposition, Resistance |
| Trillium Pictum | Modest beauty |
| Triptilion Spinosum | Be prudent |
| Truffle | Surprise |
| Trumpet Flower | Separation, Fame |
| Tuberose | Dangerous Pleasure, Voluptuousness, Sweet voice |
| Tulip | Declaration of love, Fame, Luck |
| Tulip Tree | Rural happiness, Fame |
| Tulip, Red | Declaration of love |
| Tulip, Variegated | Beautiful eyes |
| Tulip, Yellow | Hopeless love |
| Turnip | Charity |
| Tussilage (Sweet-scented) | Justice shall be done you |
| Valerian | Accommodating disposition, Facility |
| Valerian, Common | Accommodating disposition |
| Valerian, Greek | Rupture |
| Valerian, Red | Readiness |
| Venice Sumach | Intellectual excellence, Splendor |
| Venus' Car | Fly with me |
| Venus' Trap | Deceit |
| Venus's Flytrap | Caught at last |
| Venus's Looking-glass | Flattery |
| Verbena | Sensibility, Sensitiveness, Pray for Me, May you get your wish |
| Verbena, Pink | Family union |
| Verbena, Purple | I weep for you, Regret |
| Verbena, White | Pray for me |
| Verinoca Speciosa | I dare not |
| Vernal Grass | Poor, but happy |
| Veronica | Fidelity |
| Vervain | Enchantment |
| Vetch | I cling to thee, Shyness |
| Vine | Drunkenness, Intoxicating |
| Violet, Blue | Faithfulness, Love, Modesty |
| Violet, Dame | Watchfulness, You are the queen of coquettes |
| Violet, Purple | You occupy my thoughts |
| Violet, Sweet | Modesty |
| Violet, White | Purity, Candor, Modesty, Innocence |
| Violet, Yellow | Modest worth, Rural happiness |
| Virginian Spiderwort | Momentary happiness |
| Virgin's Bower | Filial love |
| Viscaria Oculata | Will you dance with me? |
| Volkamenia | May you be happy |
| Wall Flower | Fidelity in misfortune |
| Walnut | Intellect, Stratagem |
| Watcher-by-the-wayside | Never despair |
| Water Lily | Purity of heart |
| Water Melon | Bulkiness |
| Wax Plant | Susceptibility |
| Weeping Willow | Melancholy, Forsaken |
| Wheat | Prosperity |
| Whin | Anger |
| White Jasmine | Amiablility |
| White Julienne | Despair not |
| White Lily | Purity and modesty |
| White Mullein | Good nature |
| White Oak | Independence |
| White Pink | Talent |
| White Poplar | Time |
| White Rose (dried) | Death preferable to loss of innocence |
| Whortleberry | Treachery, Treason |
| Willow, Common | Forsaken |
| Willow, Creeping | Love forsaken |
| Willow, French | Bravery and humanity |
| Willow, Water | Freedom |
| Willow, Weeping | Mourning |
| Willow-Herb | Pretension |
| Windflower | Desertion, Forsaken |
| Winter Cherry | Deception |
| Wisteria | Welcome to a stranger |
| Witch Hazel | A spell |
| Wood Hyacinth | Consistency |
| Wood Sorrel | Joy, Maternal tenderness |
| Woodbine | Fraternal love |
| Wormwood | Absence |
| Xanthium | Rudeness, Pertinacity |
| Xeranthemum | Cheerfulness under adversity |
| Yarrow | Cure for heartache |
| Yew | Sorrow, Penitence, Repentance |
| Zennae | Absent friends |
| Zephyr Flower | Expectation |
| Zinnia | Thoughts of absent friends |
| Zinnia, Magenta | Lasting Affection |
| Zinnia, Mixed | Thoughts or memories of absent friends, Missing you |
Birthday Flowers
| Month | Common Name (Scientific Name) | Representation |
| January | Carnation (dianthus) | Capriciousness |
| February | Violet (viola) | Faithfulness |
| March | Daffodil (narcissus) | Regard |
| April | Sweet Pea (lathyrus odoratus) | I think of thee |
| May | Lily of the Valley (convallaria majalis) | Humility |
| June | Rose (rosa) | Red: Love; White: I am worthy of you; Friendship and Virtue |
| July | Larkspur (delphinium ajacis) | Ardent attachment |
| August | Gladiolus (gladiolus) | Splendid beauty |
| September | Aster (callistephus chinensis) | Elegance |
| October | Calendula (calendula) | Grief, jealousy |
| November | Chrysanthemum (chrysanthemum morifolium) | Optimism, cheerfulness |
| December | Narcissus (narcissi) | Conceit, self love |
Anniversary
| Celebrating the: | Items associated with: |
| First - | Paper |
| Second - | Cotton |
| Third - | Leather |
| Fourth - | Linen |
| Fifth - | Wood |
| Sixth - | Iron |
| Seventh - | Wool / Copper |
| Eight - | Bronze |
| Nineth - | Pottery / China |
| Tenth - | Tin / Aluminium |
| Eleventh - | Steel |
| Twelveth - | Silk |
| Thirteenth - | Lace |
| Fourteenth - | Ivory |
| Fifteenth - | Crystal |
| Twentieth - | Silver |
| Thirtieth - | Pearl |
| Thirty Fifth - | Coral |
| Fortieth - | Ruby |
| Forty Fifth - | Sapphire |
| Fiftieth - | Gold |
| Fifty Fifth - | Emerald |
| Sixtieth - | Diamond |
| Seventieth - | Platinum |